Aspectos Clínicos de Hipertireoidismo Felino

Abstract

Feline hyperthyroidism is a systemic and multifactorial condition that primarily affects middle-aged or elderly animals, in which the thyroid gland autonomously and excessively produces the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). It is believed that, in addition to the genetic predisposition, external factors such as nutrition and environment also contribute to the development and worsening of the disease. Diagnosis requires evaluating clinical manifestations that include, but are not limited to, weight loss, polyphagia, polydipsia, vomiting, goiter, enteritis, polyuria, dyspnea, tachycardia, and abnormal behavioral changes; simultaneously with laboratory tests such as a complete blood count, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, and serum thyroxine concentration. Hyperthyroidism control is achieved through the administration of antithyroid drugs such as methimazole or through iodine-restricted diets. Curative treatments for the condition depend on the type of hyperthyroidism manifestation and include the use of radioactive iodine or thyroidectomy.