A Importância da Genética na Medicina Veterinária: Avanços no Diagnóstico, Tratamento e Melhoramento Genético de Rebanhos

Abstract

Introduction: Genetics plays a fundamental role in veterinary medicine, being essential for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of various animal diseases. Understanding genetic principles allows professionals to optimize treatments, develop more effective reproductive management strategies, and contribute to the early identification of hereditary diseases. In this context, studying genetics is essential for veterinary practice, as it provides the necessary foundation for comprehending the genetic traits influencing animal health.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to review literature on the importance of genetics within veterinary medicine, emphasizing the impact of genetics on disease prevention, diagnosis, and control, as well as herd improvement.

Methodology: The methodology adopted for this literature review involved analyzing scientific articles and books that discuss the role of genetics in veterinary medicine, highlighting recent practices and emerging technologies, such as genetic testing and genetic engineering.

Results: The results indicate that understanding genetics is crucial for advancing veterinary medicine, particularly in the areas of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of animal diseases. Genetics plays a critical role in identifying genetic diseases that often affect animal health and longevity, as well as their reproductive capabilities. Early detection of hereditary diseases through genetic testing allows for more effective control and management, preventing transmission to future generations. Additionally, herd genetic improvement practices, based on the knowledge of genetic factors influencing characteristics such as disease resistance, milk and meat production quality, and adaptation to different environments, have proven essential for enhancing productivity and sustainability in animal production.

Conclusion: It is concluded that applying genetics in veterinary medicine not only improves animal health and welfare but also contributes to the sustainable development of animal production through appropriate management and the selection of favorable genetic traits, positively impacting both public health and scientific advancements in the field.